| 人物雕塑特点 |
| 添加时间：2018/7/28 14:49:11 浏览次数： |
| 人物雕塑特点 Characteristics of figure sculpture ①人的形象大为丰富，数量增多，出现了武士、侍从、伎乐、舞人等各种不同社会地位的形象，在反映社会生活方面前进了一步，雕塑手法逐渐摆脱程式化，形象写实、生动。 The image of the man's image is rich and the number is increasing. The image of various social status, such as the warrior, the servant, the Kabuki, the dancer and so on, has come forward in reflecting the social life, and the sculptures are gradually getting rid of the stylization, and the image is realistic and vivid. ②雕塑材料的使用更加广泛。青铜、金、银、铅、陶、玉、石、牙、骨、木等不同质材各尽其长，而且出现综合使用的趋向。各种材料的制造工艺也有新的发展，如青铜工艺分铸、焊接等技艺的发展，失蜡法的应用，错金银等镶嵌技艺的风行，使作品的制作竞求奇巧华美。因之，追求繁缛华美，成为这一时期主导的审美倾向，在青铜、玉和漆木的雕塑中尤为突出。此时期的雕塑尚未从工艺美术中脱出，所以仍然保留着很强的装饰性。 (2) the use of sculpture materials is more extensive. Different qualities such as bronze, gold, silver, lead, pottery, jade, stone, tooth, bone, wood and so on have their own advantages, and there is a trend of comprehensive utilization. The manufacturing process of all kinds of materials also has new development, such as the development of bronze casting, welding and other skills, the application of the wax loss method, the inlaying skill of wrong gold and silver and so on, so that the production of the works will be beautiful and beautiful. Because of this, the pursuit of gorgeous and beautiful became the dominant aesthetic tendency in this period, especially in the sculpture of bronze, jade and lacquer wood. The sculptures in this period have not yet been removed from the arts and crafts, so they still retain strong ornamentation. ③主要有偶人和作为器物装饰的人形支架、器座及小型佩饰等。偶人又称相人、像人，以青铜、陶、木等不同材料做成，其中主要是俑。春秋后期俑在各地普遍出现。陶俑主要有山东郎家庄1号东周殉人墓所出的6组，女俑多作舞姿，脸部削成斜面，以黑彩勾出眼、眉，胸部丰满，衣裙曳地，施红、黄、黑、褐色条纹。男俑披巾，手中持物。由于烧制火候极低，大多已残毁。山西长治分水岭战国早期墓葬出土陶俑中的舞俑群，造型简略而姿态生动。彩绘木俑多出于战国楚墓,有仆侍、庖厨、伎乐等不同的身份。湖南长沙 406号楚墓所出30个木俑，男女有别，一般是雕刻出身体形状与五官后，先涂白粉，再以墨、朱两色绘出眉目胡髭及冠、带、襟、袖、裾等，手足和佩剑是分别制成后装配的。其他地方出土的楚木俑，有的雕出宽大的袍袖；有的头部雕出五官后,加丝质假发（或用真人头发），身着绢衣，但对于人物形象的个性特征则不很注意。河南洛阳金村东周墓还出土过银俑，戴弁,着窄袖短袍，系带，缠行□。有人认为是胡人形象，其造型水平较高。另外，还有连同活动环境表现的俑群。如浙江绍兴坡塘战国墓所出青铜伎乐铜屋，有男女裸体6人持乐器在屋内演奏，铜屋顶上矗立柱，柱头铸一大鸟，推测可能与古越人的图腾信仰或宗教习俗有关。 (3) there are mainly human beings, such as humanoid scaffold, seat and small ornaments. They are also called "Xiang Ren", like human beings. They are made of different materials such as bronze, pottery, wood, and so on, mainly figurines. In the late spring and Autumn period, the terracotta figures appeared in all parts of the world. The terracotta terracotta warriors and terracotta warriors mainly have 6 groups from the tombs of the 1 East Zhou martyrs of Shandong Lang Jia Zhuang. The terracotta terracotta figures are more danced and the face is slanting. The eyes and eyebrows are drawn out with black color, the chest is plump, the dress is flared and the red, yellow, black and brown stripes are applied. The men's Terracotta Warriors shawl and hold their hands. Because of the low burning fire, most of them have been destroyed. The figurines of the pottery figurine unearthed from the early tombs of the Warring States period in Changzhi, Shanxi, are simple and vivid. Painted wooden figurines are mostly from the Chu Tomb of the Warring States period, with different identities such as servant, kitchen, and joy. The 30 wooden figurines of Chu tomb No. 406 in Changsha, Hunan, are distinguished by men and women. They are generally carved out of the shape of the body and the five senses, first painted with white powder and then painted with ink and Zhu, and then the moustache of the eyebrows, bands, sleeves, and gown are made, and the hands and feet and the sword are fabricated respectively. Other places unearthed Chu figurines, some carved out of broad robe sleeves; some head carved out of five features, with silk wig (or real life hair), in a silk dress, but the character of the character of the character is not very attention. The tomb of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty in Jin Cun, Luoyang, Henan, was also unearthed with silver figurines, wearing a narrow sleeved short robe, tied with a tie, and tied around. Some people believe that the Hu people image, its modelling level is higher. In addition, there are terra cotta figurines with the performance of the activity environment. Such as the bronze house of bronze Kabuki in the tomb of the POI Tang in Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 6 men and women are played in the house, a pillar on the copper roof, and a large bird in the stigma. It is presumed that it may be related to the totem or religious customs of the Ancient Vietnamese. |
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